Original Passage
Finally, how can astronauts ‘let off stream’ when interpersonal conflicts develop? Even best friends can irritate each other when forced to spend weeks together in isolation. Space stations are small, cramped, busy workspaces and there is little privacy. Also, space exploration is dangerous, which adds to the stress aboard a spaceship.
Paraphrase
NASA physician Patrick Clinton states that the way <of> astronauts release <releases> their resentment when disagreement happen <happened> is a problem. Close friends may annoy each other when they have to stay together in a tiny space for a long time. Astronauts cannot be alone as the space is tiny and insufficient. The dangers <dangerous> of space exploration also make astronauts nervous. [18].
The original passage is from <A HISTORY OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY And Its Connection with Political and Social Circumstances from the Earliest Times to the Present Day> by Bertrand Russell.
Original Passage
Philosophy, as I shall understand the word, is something intermediate between theology and science. Like theology, it consists of speculations on matters as to which definite knowledge has, so far, been unascertainable; but like science, it appeals to human reason rather than to authority, whether that of tradition or that of revelation. All definite knowledge–so I should contend–belongs to science; all dogma as to what surpasses definite knowledge belongs to theology. But between theology and science there is a No Man’s Land, exposed to attack from both sides; this No Man’s Land is philosophy. Almost all the questions of most interest to speculative minds are such as science cannot answer, and the confident answers of theologians no longer seem so convincing as they did in former centuries. Is the world divided into mind and matter, and, if so, what is mind and what is matter? …
Paraphrase
The philosopher Bertrand Russell states that philosophy is something between theology and science in his <[his]> understanding of the word <vocabulary>. Similar to <Like> theology, philosophy composes <hypothesis> hypotheses on the area of universe about which knowledge is <, for example, the definition of knowledge are> still uncertain. However, similar to <like> science, Philosophy is more logical <reasonable> than obedient to some higher power/being, either that of a king or a god <from in all ages>. All the certain <definition of> knowledge is part of science and the beliefs beyond the certain <definition of> knowledge is part of theology in his <[his]> opinions. However, the empty area between theology and science is criticized from both sides and this area, he maintains is philosophy. For most philosophical questions, <the> science cannot give certain answers to thinking and analytical persons <persons who like think and analysis>, and <the> theology cannot make people deeply believe <believes them> like in centuries gone by / previously centuries <former centuries>. Can the world be separated <separate> as mind and matter? If the answer is yes, how to define <definition> mind and matter? …[10]
Shi Cheng 